Le Boulanger - The Baker
Pope Boniface, having some affairs to settle with the Republic of Florence, sent Ambassadors there who were staying with Monsieur Spina. A rich baker, Ciste, observed these Ambassadors on a daily basis as they passed in front of his shop. One day he invited them in for a glass of his excellent wine. This became a daily habit. At the end of the negotiations, Spina held a celebratory banquet, inviting Ciste, who declined the invitation.
Spina sent a servant to request from Ciste some bottles of his wine, allowing half a glass per guest. the servant chose a very large bottle, but Ciste refused to let him have it saying that he did not believe that Spina wouold have requested so much wine. He sent him back to Spina empty handed.
Spina, on learning why he had returned with no wine, chastised him and sent him back to fetch a small bottle, enough for the needs of the guests.
Laster in the day, Ciste went to Spina, offering him as a gift, the rest of the barrel of wine for his honesty, and to use as he wished, but with specific instructions not to give a singe drop to any of his servants.
This original heliograph is from Marc Chagall's wonderful graphic interpretation of Boccacio's "Decameron", inspired by an original coloured medieval illustration taken from an original manuscript in the library of the Duke of Burgundy of the same scene.
Featured in Verve Magazine Number 24 and published in 1950.
Marc Chagall (1887- 1985) was born Moishe Shagal near the city of Vitebsk, Belarus, then part of the Russian Empire. Chagall was the eldest of nine children. The family name, Shagal, is a variant of the name Segal, which in a Jewish community was usually borne by a Levitic family. Chagall's art can be understood as the response to a situation that has long marked the history of Russian Jews. Though they were cultural innovators who made important contributions to the broader society, Jews were considered outsiders in a frequently hostile society. Chagall himself was born of a family steeped in religious life; his parents were observant Hasidic Jews who found spiritual satisfaction in a life defined by their faith and prayer. In 1910, Chagall relocated to Paris to develop his artistic style where he enrolled at Académie de La Palette, an avant-garde school of art. In 1914 he returned to Russia during which time he worked as a stage designer and art teacher, before returning to Paris in 1922.Marc Chagall’s dreamlike compositions depict aspects of the artist’s personal and family histories, and those of Eastern European folklore at large. Flying figures, elements of Jewish tradition, peasant life, and animals are frequent motifs. Chagall’s practice—which spanned painting, printmaking, books, ceramics, and stained glass—was immensely influential in the development of 20th-century art: His supernatural subjects and emotional gestures bridged the work of earlier avant-garde movements such as Cubism, Fauvism, and Symbolism with later modernist styles such as Surrealism. Chagall’s career was disrupted by the World Wars, and while the artist moved between Russia, France, and the United States, he managed to exhibit widely during his lifetime both within the continent and in the U.S. His work belongs in the collections of the National Gallery of Art, the Museum of Modern Art, the Tate, the Guggenheim Museum, and the Art Institute of Chicago. Chagall also produced stained-glass windows for Hadassah University Medical Center’s Abbell Synagogue in Jerusalem, the Saint-Étienne Cathedral in Metz, the United Nations building in New York City, and the St. Stephen church in Mainz, Germany.
